Microsoft

Microsoft

Enterprise software, cloud (Azure), and AI powerhouse.

4 Rounds ~21 Days Hard
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The Interview Loop

Recruiter Screen (30 min)

Standard fit check, behavioral questions, and resume overview.

Technical Loop (3-4 Rounds)

Deep dive into domain knowledge, coding, and system design.

Interview Question Bank

Data Analyst • Coding • hard

Write a SQL query to calculate the rolling 28-day average session duration per user.

#Rolling Average #Sessions
Practice
Data Analyst • Coding • medium

What is a pivot table in SQL? How would you implement it without native PIVOT support?

#Pivot #Data Transformation
Practice
Data Analyst • Coding • hard

What is a funnel query? Write one for a 3-step user onboarding flow.

#Funnel Analysis
Practice
Data Analyst • Coding • medium

Explain window functions. Write a query using LAG() to compute day-over-day change.

#Window Functions
Practice
Data Analyst • Coding • hard

How would you detect anomalies in a daily revenue time series using SQL?

#Anomaly Detection #SQL
Practice
Data Analyst • Coding • hard

Write a SQL query to find customers who made purchases in both January and February but not March.

#Set Operations
Practice
Data Analyst • Coding • hard

How would you build a cohort analysis for user retention in SQL?

#Cohort Analysis #Retention
Practice
Data Analyst • Coding • medium

Write a SQL query to calculate month-over-month revenue growth.

#Revenue #Growth Analytics
Practice
Data Analyst • Technical • easy

Explain the difference between a HAVING clause and a WHERE clause.

#SQL Basics
Practice
Data Analyst • Technical • medium

How do you handle timezone conversions in SQL analytics?

#Timezones #Analytics
Practice
Data Engineer • Coding • hard

Write a SQL query to find the maximum number of consecutive days a user logged into Office 365. You are given a table `user_logins` with columns `user_id` and `login_date`.

#Window Functions #Gaps and Islands #CTEs
Practice
Data Engineer • Coding • medium

Write a SQL query to find the top 3 highest-grossing products in each product category from the `microsoft_store_sales` table.

#Window Functions #Ranking #Aggregations
Practice
Data Engineer • Coding • medium

Write a SQL query to find the second highest salary per department.

#Window Functions #SQL
Practice
Data Engineer • Coding • medium

Write a SQL query to compute a 7-day rolling average of daily sales.

#Window Functions #Analytics
Practice
Data Engineer • Technical • medium

Explain the difference between OLAP and OLTP systems. When would you use each?

#OLAP #OLTP #Databases
Practice
Data Engineer • Technical • hard

How would you optimize a SQL query that is running slowly on a 1 billion row table?

#Query Optimization #Indexing
Practice
Data Engineer • Technical • medium

Explain the difference between RANK(), DENSE_RANK(), and ROW_NUMBER().

#Window Functions #SQL
Practice
Data Engineer • Technical • medium

What is a materialized view? How does it differ from a regular view?

#Materialized Views #Performance
Practice
Data Engineer • Technical • medium

What are CTEs (Common Table Expressions) and how do they differ from subqueries?

#CTEs #SQL
Practice
Data Scientist • Coding • hard

Write a SQL query to calculate 30-day user retention.

#Retention #Analytics
Practice
Data Scientist • Coding • medium

Write a SQL query to find the top 3 departments with the highest number of daily active Microsoft Teams users over the last 30 days. Assume you have a 'user_activity' table and a 'user_directory' table.

#Joins #Aggregations #Window Functions
Practice
Data Scientist • Coding • hard

Given a table of Azure resource provisioning events (event_id, region, start_timestamp, end_timestamp), write a SQL query to calculate the median time to provision a virtual machine for each region.

#Percentiles #Window Functions #Date/Time Functions
Practice
Data Scientist • Coding • hard

How would you write a funnel analysis query in SQL?

#Funnel #Analytics
Practice
Data Scientist • Coding • medium

Write a query to identify duplicate records and deduplicate them.

#Deduplication #Data Quality
Practice
Data Scientist • Technical • easy

Explain the difference between INNER JOIN, LEFT JOIN, and CROSS JOIN.

#Joins #SQL
Practice
Product Manager • Coding • easy

Write a SQL query to find the top 5 enterprise customers by monthly active usage (MAU) of Azure Active Directory over the last 30 days.

#Data Analysis #Aggregations #Database Querying
Practice

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The "Standard" Interviewer

Senior Engineer

Focuses on core competencies, system constraints, and clear communication.

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Think Out Loud

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